Outputs

Publications

Papers in international journals

[1] P.H. Presumido, R. Montes, J.B. Quintana, R. Rodil, M. Feliciano, G. Li Puma, A.I. Gomes, V.J.P Vilar, Ozone membrane contactor to intensify gas/liquid mass transfer and contaminants of emerging concern oxidation, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 10 (2022) 108671. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2022.108671

[2] L. Vazquez, L.M.M.T. Gomes, P.H. Presumido, D.G.D. Rocca, R.F.P.M. Moreira, T. Dagnac, M. Llompart, A.I. Gomes, V.J.P. Vilar, Tubular membrane photoreactor for the tertiary treatment of urban wastewater towards antibiotics removal: application of different photocatalyst/oxidant combinations and ozonation, Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, 11 (3) (2023) 109766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2023.109766

[3] P.H. Presumido, S. Ribeirinho-Soares, R. Montes, J.B. Quintana, R. Rodil, M. Ribeiro, T. Neuparth, M.M. Santos, M. Feliciano, O.C. Nunes, A.I. Gomes, V.J.P Vilar, Ozone membrane contactor for tertiary treatment of urban wastewater: chemical, microbial and toxicological assessment, Science of the Total Environment, 892 (2023) 164492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164492

[4] M. Mestriner Pituco, P.H. Marrocos de Oliveira, R.J. Santos, M.M. Dias, J.C.B. Lopes, F.C. Moreira, V.J.P. Vilar, NETmix technology as ozone gas injection system: assessment of the gas-liquid mass transfer, Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 194 (2023) 109566. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2023.109566

[5] I.S. Fernandes, M.S.C.A. Brito, Y.A. Manrique, M.M. Dias, J.C.B. Lopes, R.J. Santos, Experimental and numerical characterisation of two-phase flow in NETmix reactors, Chemical Engineering & Processing: Process Intensification, 194 (2023) 109580. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cep.2023.109580

[6] P.H. Marrocos, I.S. Fernandes, M.M. Pituco, J.C.B. Lopes, M.M. Dias, R.J. Santos, V.J.P. Vilar, CFD and lower order mechanistic models for gas-liquid flow in NETmix: pressure drop and gas hold-up, Chemical Engineering Science, 284 (2024) 119478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2023.119478

[7] M.A. Prada-Vásquez, M.M. Pituco, M.P. Caixeta, S.A. Cardona Gallo, A.M. Botero-Coy, F. Hernandez, R.A. Torres-Palma, V.J.P. Vilar, Ozonation using a stainless-steel membrane contactor: gas/liquid mass transfer and pharmaceuticals removal from secondary-treated municipal wastewater, Chemosphere, 349 (2024) 140888. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140888

Papers in national journals

Information to be added during the project.

Communications

Communications in international meetings

[1] P.H. Marrocos, I.S. Fernandes, C.A.M. Teixeira, M. Dias, R.J. Santos, J.C.B. Lopes, V.J.P. Vilar, NETmix technology for ozonation: A CFD modelling approach, in 4to Congreso Colombiano de Procesos Avanzados de Oxidación, Bogotá, Colombia, 14-16th April, 2021.

[2] M.M. Pituco, P.H. Marrocos, I.S Fernandes, M.M Dias, R.J Santos, F. Moreira, J.C.B. Lopes, V.J.P. Vilar, Gas/Liquid mass transfer in the NETmix reactor: Experimental data vs CFD modelling, in 12th Micropol & Ecohazard Conference, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 6-10th June, 2022.

[3] P.H. Presumido, R. Montes, R. Rodil, J.B. Quintana, M. Feliciano, A.I. Gomes, V.J.P. Vilar, Ozone mass transfer in a tubular porous borosilicate membrane contactor for CECs removal, in 12th Micropol & Ecohazard Conference, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 6-10th June, 2022.

[4] P.H. Presumido, S. Ribeirinho-Soares, R. Montes, R. Rodil, J. B. Quintana, M. Feliciano, O. C. Nunes, A. I. Gomes, V. J. P. Vilar, Innovative ozone membrane contactor for tertiary treatment of urban wastewater: disinfection and CECs removal, in 12th Micropol & Ecohazard Conference, Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 6-10th June, 2022.

[5] M.M. Pituco, M.M. Sómer, R. Montes, R. Rodil, J.B. Quintana, F.C. Moreira, V.J.P. Vilar, NETmix technology as ozone gas injection system for tertiary treatment of urban wastewater, in 5th Iberoamerican Conference on Advanced Oxidation Technologies (V CIPOA), Cusco, Peru, 7-11th November, 2022.

[6] M.A. Prada, P.H. Presumido, M.M. Pituco, M.P. Caixeta, S.A. Cardona Gallo, R.A. Torres Palma, V.J.P. Vilar, Evaluation of ozone mass transfer in a tubular porous stainless steel membrane contactor, in 5th Iberoamerican Conference on Advanced Oxidation Technologies (V CIPOA), Cusco, Peru, 7-11th November, 2022.

[7] M.A. Prada, P.H. Presumido, M.M. Pituco, A.I. Gomes, S.A. Cardona Gallo, A.M. Botero-Coy, F. Hernandez, R.A. Torres Palma, V.J.P. Vilar, A novel ozone membrane contactor for the removal of CECs from secondary effluent of municipal wastewater and reverse osmosis concentrate, in 5th Iberoamerican Conference on Advanced Oxidation Technologies (V CIPOA), Cusco, Peru, 7-11th November, 2022.

[8] P.H. Marrocos, I.S. Fernandes, M.M. Pituco, R.J. Santos, V.J.P. Vilar, Gas-Liquid pressure drop of downward flows in NETmix static mixer: Experimental validation of computational fluid dynamics model, in IOA Conference & Exhibition, EA3G2022, Toulouse, France, 28-30th November, 2022.
[9] P.H. Marrocos, I.S. Fernandes, M.M. Pituco, J.C.B. Lopes, R.J. Santos, V.J.P. Vilar, Reduced-order modelling approach based on computational fluid dynamics to predict gas hold-up in micro/meso structured static mixers, in IOA Conference & Exhibition, EA3G2022, Toulouse, France, 28-30th November, 2022.

[10] M.M. Pituco, P.H. Marrocos, M.M. Dias, J.C.B Lopes, R.J. Santos, F. Moreira, V.J.P. Vilar, NETmix technology as ozone gas injection system: Assessment of the gas-liquid mass transfer, in IOA Conference & Exhibition, EA3G2022, Toulouse, France, 28-30th November, 2022.

[11] V.J.P. Vilar, I. Rodrigues, P.H. Marrocos, M.M. Pituco, F. Moreira, A.F.P. Ferreira, R.J. Santos, Cutting-edge ozone-technology for water treatment, IOA World Congress & Exhibition, Milan, Italy, 2-7 July 2023.

[12] P.H. Marrocos, L. Silva, M.M. Pituco, I.S. Fernandes, R.J.N. Santos, V.J.P. Vilar, Assessment of the effect of channel length on the gas-liquid mass transfer: enhancing the NETmix technology for ozonation, MIXING 17, Porto, Portugal, 2-5 July 2023.

Communications in national meetings

[1] P.H. Marrocos, I.S. Fernandes, C.A.M. Teixeira, M. Dias, R.J. Santos, J.C.B. Lopes, V.J.P. Vilar, A low footprint ozone mixer based on the NETmix technology: A CFD modelling approach, in 4th Doctoral Congress in Engineering (DCE21), Symposium on Chemical and Biological Engineering, Porto, Portugal, 28-29th June, 2021.

[2] M.M. Pituco, R.J. Santos, M.M. Dias, F.C. Moreira, V.J.P. Vilar, Assessment of the volumetric ozone-water mass transfer coefficients in the NETmix®, in 4th Doctoral Congress in Engineering (DCE21), Symposium on Chemical and Biological Engineering, Porto, Portugal, 28-29th June, 2021.

[3] M.P. Caixeta, R.J. Santos, V.J.P. Vilar, CFD modeling and simulation of a tube-in-tube membrane reactor for ozonation towards CECs removal from municipal wastewaters, in 4th Doctoral Congress in Engineering (DCE21), Symposium on Chemical and Biological Engineering, Porto, Portugal, 28-29th June, 2021.

[4] V.J.P. Vilar, I. Rodrigues, A.E. Rodrigues, A.F.P. Ferreira, Development of functionalized membranes for O2/O3 gas separation, in International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference (CHEMPOR), Bragança, Portugal, 12-15th September 2023.

[5] I. Rodrigues, L. Martínez-Izquierdo, C. Téllez, J. Coronas, A.E. Rodrigues, V.J.P. Vilar, A.F.P. Ferreira, Symmetric and asymmetric PDMS membranes for CO2/N2 separation using the inorganic filler ZSM-5, in International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference (CHEMPOR), Bragança, Portugal, 12-15th September 2023.

[6] M.P. Caixeta, P.H.M. de Oliveira, R. J. Santos, V.J.P. Vilar, A novel CFD approach to calculate the ozone mass transfer coefficient () in a tube-in-tube membrane reactor: coupling numerical and analytical modeling, in International Chemical and Biological Engineering Conference (CHEMPOR), Bragança, Portugal, 12-15th September 2023.

[7] V.J.P. Vilar, I. Rodrigues, P. Marrocos, M. Pituco, A. Ferreira, R. Santos, Tecnologia de ponta de ozono para tratamento de água, Encontro Nacional de Entidades Gestoras de Água e Saneamento (ENEG2023), Gondomar, Portugal, 27-30th November 2023.

Organization of workshops

Information to be added during the project.

Advanced formation

PhD Thesis

[1] Pedro Henrique Presumido, Membrane processes for tertiary treatment of urban wastewaters: photocatalytic membrane reactor and ozone membrane reactor, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2018-2022, Scholarship from FCT: SFRH/BD/138756/2018, Supervisor: Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, co-supervisor: Manuel Feliciano (IPB), concluded on 18th July 2023.

[2] Isabel Sousa Fernandes, Multiphase flow in NETmix: mixing studies and applications, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2019-2023, Scholarship from FCT: SFRH/BD/143958/2019, Supervisor: Ricardo Jorge Nogueira dos Santos, co-supervisor: José Carlos Brito Lopes, concluded on 16th November 2023.

[3] Mateus Mestriner Pituco, Intensification of ozonation processes in a novel pressurized mili-reactor for water and wastewater treatment, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2020-2024, Scholarship from FCT: SFRH/BD7144673/2019, Supervisor: Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, co-supervisor: Maria Francisca da Costa Moreira, on-going.

[4] Mateus Pereira Caixeta, CFD modeling and simulation of a tube-in-tube membrane reactor for ozonation towards CECs removal from municipal wastewaters, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2020-2024, Scholarship from FCT: 2020.06681.BD, Supervisor: Ricardo Jorge Nogueira dos Santos, co-supervisor: Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, on-going.

[5] Cristiana Andreia Vieira Gomes, Valorization and treatment of wastewater from the canning industry, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2022-2026, Scholarship from FCT: 2021.05666.BD, Supervisor: Alexandre Ferreira Porfírio Ferreira, co-supervisor: Ana Mafalda Almeida Peixoto Ribeiro and Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, on-going.

[6] Inês Magalhães Rodrigues, Ozone stream purification using customized membranes for O2/O3 separation, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2022-2026, Scholarship from FCT: 2022.10784.BD, Supervisor: Alexandre Ferreira Porfirio Ferreira, co-supervisor: Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, on-going.

[7] Paulo Henrique Marrocos de Oliveira, Cutting-edge ozone static mixer based on a micro/meso structured pressurized NETmix reactor: Experimental and CFD Modelling, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, 2022-2026, Scholarship from FCT: 2022.10437.BD, Supervisor: Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, co-supervisor: Ricardo Jorge Nogueira dos Santos, on-going.

Master Thesis

[1] Paulo Henrique Marrocos de Oliveira, A low footprint ozone mixer based on the NETmix technology: CFD modelling and experimental validation, Master Thesis in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering University of Porto, Supervisor: Vítor Jorge Pais Vilar, co-supervisor: Ricardo Jorge Nogueira dos Santos, concluded on 12/07/2021.

Short Term Scientific Missions

[1] Mateus Mestriner Pituco, University of Extremadura, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering and Physical Chemistry, Badajoz, Spain, Supervised by Prof. Eva María Rodríguez Franco, from 15th September to 15th November, 2021.

[2] Inês Magalhães Rodrigues, University of Zaragoza, Chemical & Environmental Engineering Department, Nanoscience and Materials Institute of Aragón (INMA), Zaragoza, Spain, Supervised by Prof. Joaquin Coronas, from 10th January to 10th April.

Prototypes

Laboratory set-up for O2/O3 separation using membranes.

Description: The gas separation laboratory set-up consist of the following components: i) oxygen cylinder; ii) mass flow controller to regulate the flow of oxygen that is fed into the system; iii) corona discharge ozone generator; iv) diaphragm pump to compress the ozone stream up to 5 bar abs; v) membrane module made of stainless steel, incorporating the synthesized membranes (useful area of 2 cm2 or 28 cm2); vi) helium cylinder, where helium can be used as a carrier gas to decrease O3 concentration and therefore increase the partial pressure difference (driving force in a gas separation system); vii) pressure gauge to measure the pressure in the retentate stream up to 10 bar; viii) mass flow meter to measure the permeate stream flow; ix) ozone analyzer, capable of measuring ozone concentration in the feed, permeate and retentate streams; x) catalytic O3 destruction unit and O3 destroyer bottle (containing a 2% KI solution) to ensure total ozone destruction.

Laboratory prototype for water treatment – ozone side stream contacting train

Description:
A typical sidestream ozone injection system is used (Figure 1), where a fraction of the main water flow is diverted from the pipeline (1) to the newly developed NETmix unit (5) so that the ozone gas produced from the industrial generator (7) is injected and efficiently mixed inside the NETmix static mixer.

Figure 1 – Scheme of the low-footprint ozone side stream prototype.
To enable the water flow into the mixer, a liquid pump (2) along with a liquid flowmeter (3) and a pressure gauge (4) are used, whereas a mass flowmeter (6) control and provide flow information associated with the gas flow from the oxygen gas supply (8) and ozone generator towards the mixer. The liquid phase is injected in four inlets of the NETmix, whilst the gas phase is in the other four separate inlets, such that the two phases will only interact inside the static mixer. The O3 enriched water stream leaves the NETmix and is rapidly blended into the main water flow utilizing a gas-liquid mixture injector (9), to provide a rapid blending of the O3 enriched side stream with the main plant flow, providing the stable dissolved O3 residual required to obtain the oxidation/disinfection credits in the contact/reaction chamber (10), with maximum contact time of 15 min.

The new NETmix unit, shown in Figure 2, comprise two injection cones for the separate distribution of the fluids at the inlet of the mixer: each cone has a circular entrance with 8.8 mm diameter, a total height of 30 mm, and an elliptical base with 8.8 mm width and 88 mm length.

To enable the water flow into the mixer, a liquid pump (2) along with a liquid flowmeter (3) and a pressure gauge (4) are used, whereas a mass flowmeter (6) control and provide flow information associated with the gas flow from the oxygen gas supply (8) and ozone generator towards the mixer. The liquid phase is injected in four inlets of the NETmix, whilst the gas phase is in the other four separate inlets, such that the two phases will only interact inside the static mixer. The O3 enriched water stream leaves the NETmix and is rapidly blended into the main water flow utilizing a gas-liquid mixture injector (9), to provide a rapid blending of the O3 enriched side stream with the main plant flow, providing the stable dissolved O3 residual required to obtain the oxidation/disinfection credits in the contact/reaction chamber (10), with maximum contact time of 15 min.

The new NETmix unit, shown in Figure 2, comprise two injection cones for the separate distribution of the fluids at the inlet of the mixer: each cone has a circular entrance with 8.8 mm diameter, a total height of 30 mm, and an elliptical base with 8.8 mm width and 88 mm length.

a)

b)

c)

Figure 2 – Newly developed NETmix unit: a) top view perspective, b) bottom view perspective, c) photograph of the different plates of the device.

Both the liquid phase and the gas phase are injected separately in alternate four cylindrical chambers with 6.75 mm diameter each. Thus, the two phases only interact at the micro/meso-structured network. Each of these unit cells are composed by cylindrical chambers with 6.75 mm diameter and 3 mm height interconnected to four prismatic half-channels, each at a 45º direction of the flow, with 0.5 mm length, 1 mm width and 3 mm height. Horizontally, the NETmix plate contains 8 unit cells, whereas vertically, 55 unit cells, enabling a 30.1 cm vertical distance between the first and last chambers. At the outlet, the gas-liquid mixture is collected by a cone identical to those used at the inlet. Under the NETmix plate, it was inserted a heat transfer system, whereby a fluid will pass through a zone filled with fins, responsible for the heat transfer from the plate to the passing fluid, thus, cooling the system. These fins measure 6 mm width, attaining 7.22 mm length from the two farthest points, and 6 mm height: each fin was conceived in a shape resembling a water drop, to reduce friction with the contacting fluid. The new NETmix is made of stainless steel.

Moreover, the contactor tank, shown in Figure 3, presents a capacity of 225 dm3, being contained in a compartment with 75 cm length, 75 cm height, and 40 cm width. The tank is provided with three baffles to reduce dead volume, whereby each will have 70 cm height. In addition, it was conceived an injection chamber, responsible for the distribution and injection of the gas-liquid mixture inside the tank, with a width and height of 10 cm, and length of 40 cm. Within it, five cylinders of 1 mm diameter are placed, three at 2 cm and two at 6 cm of the inlet, respectively, with the objective of improving the distribution of the fluid flow, and a baffle measuring 5 cm height ensures that the fluid only flows through a 40 cm × 5 cm gap towards the tank. Furthermore, the contactor has one inlet and two outlets: one dedicated to the off-gas, and another to the liquid phase. The tank is made of glass, so that the flow can be easily visualized.

a)

b)

c)

Figure 3 – Contactor tank: a) top view perspective, b) front view perspective, c) photograph.

This work is financially supported by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC), under the project PTDC/EAM-AMB/4702/2020 - Cutting-Edge Ozone-Technology for Water, with DOI 10.54499/PTDC/EAM-AMB/4702/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/PTDC/EAM-AMB/4702/2020).

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